Pharmaceutical-grade STS and hypertonic saline are available from manufacturers. Until 2010, POL was only available in the United States through compounding pharmacies.
OBJECTIVE
To identify whether a risk exists when using freely available compounded POL samples for venous sclerotherapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Six samples of 1% POL solutions obtained from four
compounding pharmacies were evaluated using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) assays for POL concentration and identification Vorasidenib inhibitor of material impurities.
RESULTS
Disparities in POL concentrations between six samples ranged from 1.0% to 3.1%. The GC/MS analysis showed check details impurities in all six compounded POL samples.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, compounded POL solutions did not deliver the claimed concentration five out of six times. This inconsistency poses risks to the patient and the treating physician during
venous sclerotherapy with pharmacy-compounded POL.
Merz Aesthetics provided funding for this study. Dr. Weiss is a consultant to Merz. Mr. Voigts is employed by Merz Aesthetics (San Mateo, CA). Dr. Howell is a freelance medical writer.”
“BACKGROUNDMilitary areas such as firing ranges have serious contamination problems due to both heavy metals and nitroaromatic compounds (NACs). The feasibility of modified Fenton reactions for remediation of NACs is studied by investigating the fate of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) during the modified Fenton reactions and its effect on the degradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) in soils at various hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations.
RESULTSDuring the reactions, the Pb fate was not affected at 0.2molL(-1) H2O2, but final
aqueous phase Pb was higher in the samples than in the controls at >0.2molL(-1) H2O2. These changes in the Pb fate resulted in interference with 2,4-DNT degradation at 0.2molL(-1) H2O2. Similarly, aqueous phase Cu was higher in samples with >0.2molL(-1) H2O2 than in the controls; ASP2215 manufacturer however, unlike Pb, these changes did not have adverse effects on 2,4-DNT degradation.
CONCLUSIONThe different effects of heavy metals such as Pb and Cu on 2,4-DNT degradation in soils during modified Fenton reactions need to be understood to optimize 2,4-DNT degradation performance. The results help to advance the Fenton reaction applications for the remediation of soils contaminated with Pb or Cu and 2,4-DNT mixtures. (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry”
“The size dependent optical band gap of the less-toxic ternary I-III-VI2 chalcopyrite-type semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), CuInS2, CuInSe2, CuGaS2, CuGaSe2, AgInSe2, AgGaS2, and AgGaSe2, were evaluated using the finite-depth-well effective mass approximation calculation.