Replacement for volume loss Fluoro-Sorafenib was performed in 1 hour when diuresis exceed 120 ml/h (corresponding to basal hydration excluding HSS infusion) with a solution composed as follows: 1,000 ml Glucose (2.5%) + NaCl (natriuresis/17) grams + KCl (kaliuresis/13) g.DefinitionsLocal normal ranges for natremia were 137 to 145 mmol/L. Acute kidney injury was defined by a 200% increase in serum creatinine concentration as compared with a previous assessment of renal function [23]. Severe central pontine myelinolysis was considered if clinical symptoms (prolonged alteration of consciousness, quadriplegia, and dysarthria) were associated with the appearance of a central pons lesion on magnetic resonance imaging.

Data collectionThe following data were recorded in the electronic medical file prospectively completed: age, sex, GCS, ICH management, continuous infusion of HSS (duration, target natremia, biologic monitoring, blood osmolarity measured with an osmometer, quantity of infused sodium), and evolution of ICP and CPP during the infusion. Serum creatinine concentration, coagulation tests, and central pontine myelinolysis were also recorded, as well as the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and death at 1 year.Statistical analysisTo account for the correlation between measurements from the same individual, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) using linear mixed models, allowing random effects with restricted maximum-likelihood estimation, was used to examine changes in variables over time. Time effect was included in the models along with baseline measurements.

Several covariance structures among the repeated measurements (autoregressive, unstructured, Toeplitz, and so on) were compared by using Akaike’s Information Criterion [24]. Residual analysis was used to evaluate the validity of the models assumptions, including normality and homoscedasticity. Mixed models post hoc tests based on estimated marginal means were performed for comparing the levels of the studied variables at different times. Skewed variables were log-transformed, and statistical analyses were performed with SAS 9.1 statistical software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). Continuous variables were expressed as median (percentiles 25 to 75; mean �� SD). The P values for each variable tested are presented in Additional file 1, Table S1. P values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

ResultsPopulationDuring the 9-year study period, 780 patients with TBI were admitted into the ICU. Among Entinostat the 243 (31.2%) patients with a severe TBI monitored with an ICP, 50 (20.6%) patients developed a refractory ICH and were treated with a continuous HSS infusion (Figure (Figure2).2). Patients were aged 40 (range, 25 to 45 years) (36 �� 13) years, and 46 (92%) were men. The GCS on the scene was 6 (5 to 8; 6 �� 2), and the first measured ICP was 28 (25 to 34; 31 �� 9) mm Hg (Table (Table1).1).