7%) patients. Of the 23 patients without epilepsies, 14 cases (60.9%) had IDH1 mutation, whereas 32 cases were found to have IDH1 mutation among the 37 epileptic patients (86.5%) (P = 0.023, chi-square test). Vandetanib hypothyroidism The mutation was also discovered in 10 of the 13 (77.0%) patients who had partial epilepsies, while the same mutation was found in 20 of the 24 (83.3%) patients who suffered from secondary generalized epilepsies. No significant correlation was observed between the types of epilepsy and IDH1 mutation (P = 0.678, Fisher, s Exact test). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the mutation of IDH1 seems to be the strongest predictor for preoperative seizure (OR, 6.130; 95% CI, 1.523�C24.669; P = 0.011; Table 2). However, significant differences in the factors of tumor histology and tumor location were not found.

Table 2Multivariate logistic regression analysis.4. DiscussionThe etiology of tumor-related seizures is multifactorial and still very poorly understood [17, 18]. The cells of the astrocytic tumor have the ability to generate action potentials [19, 20], which could be the origin and spreading route of seizure activity. Some scholars reported that the cells of glioma could release glutamate [21, 22], which could kill the peritumoral neurons through an excitoxic mechanism. Glutamate has also been detected in brain tumor specimens from patients with active epilepsy [23]. These findings suggested the importance of glutamate in the generation of tumor-related seizures. The mutations of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate- (NADP-) (+) dependent IDH1 were frequently identified in WHO grade II or III gliomas [13].

Mutant IDH1 could directly produce 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from ��-ketoglutarate (��KG), which caused 100-fold increase of 2HG level in tumors with IDH1 mutation [24]. 2HG is structurally similar to glutamate, which is able to activate N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor [25]. This may suggest that 2HG was involved in the epileptogenesis. 2HG dehydrogenase deficiency could result in an accumulation of the metabolite D-2HG which causes seizures [26].To identify the possible association between seizure occurrence and IDH1 mutation, we have retrospectively reviewed a total of 60 Chinese patients with LGGs, including 19 oligodendrogliomas, 19 oligoastrocytomas, and 22 astrocytomas.

We demonstrated a correlation between IDH1 mutation and epileptic seizures (P = 0.023, chi-square test), which echoed with the results (P = 0.001, chi-square test) reported by Stockhammer et al. [27]. In our findings, the frequency of IDH1 mutations in LGGs is 76.7%, which correlated with previous studies [13�C15]. The lack of statistical significance in the age of the Batimastat groups with and without IDH1 mutation was also consistent with previous findings [15]. In our study, 61.