66, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.58). The findings among men (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.58, 1.57) and in a total group (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.93, 1.80) remained unchanged. Thus, the association between adolescent emotional problems and metabolic syndrome was stronger in women than in men (p for sex interaction = 0.10; OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 0.89, 3.36). When we excluded those with type 2 diabetes diagnosed before age 36 years or obesity at this age, the association between adult affective symptoms and the metabolic syndrome remained unchanged in women (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 0.93, 4.33), as it did in men (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.64, 2.43), and in a total group (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 0.95, 2.13). The association between adult affective

status and metabolic syndrome did not differ between men and women (p for sex interaction = 0.62; OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 0.54, 2.85). Sensitivity analyses using the top quintile (HbA1c above 5.9%), rather than the top quartile, as the cut-off www.selleckchem.com/products/Gefitinib.html for defining the risk group revealed that results were essentially unchanged. As there were no sex differences in CRP genotype or allele distribution, and sex by

genotype interactions for both affective status and metabolic syndrome were not significant, the analysis of genetic associations are presented in the sample with men and DAPT nmr women combined. We found no associations between CRP polymorphisms and the metabolic syndrome or between CRP polymorphisms and affective status in adolescence or adulthood for both allele and genotype models ( Table 3). Similarly, no associations were found between genotypes and the

continuous measure of adolescent emotional problems (data not shown). Inclusion oxyclozanide of affective status in the model of the association between CRP polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome did not influence the non-significant relationship. These findings indicate that the relationship between CRP polymorphisms and the metabolic syndrome cannot be mediated through affective status. To test the interaction between the CRP polymorphisms and affective status on risk of the metabolic syndrome, we grouped the genotypes into binary variables according to the existing literature on the effect of these polymorphisms on plasma CRP concentration ( Kolz et al., 2008). For rs1205, CT and TT genotypes were combined (dominant model for minor T allele) representing a group with lower plasma CRP level. For rs3093068, CG and GG genotypes were combined (dominant model for minor G allele) representing a group with higher CRP level. There was a significant interaction between CRP rs1205 genotype and affective status in adolescence (p = 0.05). Stratifying the study population by CRP rs1205 genotype group showed that adolescent emotional problems were associated with the metabolic syndrome among CC homozygotes (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.86) with very similar differences in predicted probabilities for men (14.2%, 95% CI: 3.3, 25.