The present study aims to characterize for the first time, the long term effects inhibitor Wortmannin of PJ consumption by HD pa tients on hypertension, lipid profile and incidence Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries of CVD. Methods Study population One dialysis center at the Western Galilee Hospital, Nahariya, Israel participated in the study. Eligible Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries partici pants were chronic HD patients aged 18 years who underwent 3 h HD sessions weekly using low flux high performance cellulose triacetate or polysulfone membranes. Exclusion criteria included HD treatment for less than 3 months, simultaneous participation in other clinical trials, patients refusal or inability to give informed consent due to mental or physical state, or pregnancy during study period. One hundred and forty nine HD patients were identified as eligible. Of these, 101 HD patients were recruited.

Re cruited patients did not differ from eligible subjects in demographic, dialysis and comorbidity characteristics. All individuals gave their written informed consent to participate in the study. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Committee at the study center. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials. gov registration, Identifier number NCT00727519. Study design The study was a double blind, placebo controlled, ran domized, clinical trial. Two groups of HD patients were compared one group received 0. 7 mmol of poly phenols in the form of 100 cc of PJ and the other received a matching 100 cc placebo juice three times a week during the first dialysis treatment hour, for one year. Patients, medical and laboratory staff were all blinded to patients Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries group allocation.

The smaller randomization ratio of 2. 1, with only a modest loss in stat istical power was chosen due to ethical and feasibility consid erations. The study sample size, with a ratio of 2 1, PJ Placebo, was calculated to have 80% power to Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries detect 5% decrease in SBP, assuming a mean SBP level of 140 20 mm Hg according to our pre liminary results. During the http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Bortezomib.html study period patients were instructed not to drink any other fresh fruit juice at home. Verification of juice intake was carried out by the study investigator and was documented. Patients who did not drink the juice at least 3 times were excluded from the study. Blood for lipid profile measurements was drawn at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months of study intervention, always before dialysis, from the arterial sampling port closest to the patient. Three sequential blood pressure measure ments performed before dialysis initiation were used to calculate the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months of study interven tion. Pulse pressure was calculated by SBP minus DBP.