The objective of the present study is to analyze the relationship between preoperative US findings and patency rate of VA. Methods: 139 patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) were enrolled in this study. They had been created primary radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (RCAVF) from February 2009 to January 2011 at the Juntendo University Hospital and would be followed up for two years. We studied the correlation between the two-year patency rate of VA and the diameter of RA at an anastomosis presumptive region by US, the blood flow measured by US, age, gender

and primary kidney diseases. Results: One-year and two-year patency rate was 64.0% and 51.2%, respectively. The average patency time was 448.6 ± 271.3 GSK126 days. Patency rate was significantly low in elderly patients and patients with diabetes BGJ398 manufacturer mellitus (DM). US findings of 2.0 mm or less in RA diameter also resulted in significant low patency rate. Furthermore, the patency rate was also significantly low in patients with US findings of 20 ml/min or less in RA blood flow. Conclusion: It appears that RA which is 2.0 mm or more in diameter and 20 ml/min or more in blood flow at an anastomosis region may be more effective for the improvement in the patency rate of VA. Preoperative US findings of diameter or blood flow of RA may involve the patency rate of VA. GHIMIRE MADHAV, PAHARI BISHNU, DAS GAYATRI, DAS GOPAL CHANDRA, SHARMA SANJIB KUMAR

College Adenosine of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common condition in the hemodialysis population with an estimated prevalence from 17–48%. Many studies have been conducted before to know the prevalence of PAD in hemodialysis population. However no such study been conducted, so far in Nepal.This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of PAD in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)

Patients on Hemodialysis. Methods: Fifty patients with a diagnosis of ESRD, and those who were on hemodialytic support for more than 3 months were studied over a period of one year. Peripheral arterial disease was diagnosed on the basis of the ankle –brachial index (ABI), which was the ratio of the resting systolic blood pressure in the arteries of the ankle to that of the brachial artery, measured by using a standard mercury manometer with a cuff of appropriate size and the Doppler ultrasound. Patients with ABI ≤ 0.9 was considered positive for peripheral arterial disease. Results: A total of 50 End Stage Renal Disease patients were analyzed. The mean age of the patient was 49.81 ± 12.63 years. The age range was from 18–79 years. Majority of them were Males 64% (n = 32). Peripheral arterial disease defined by ABI ≤ 0.9 was present in 30% (n = 15) of patients. Majority of patients with PVD were males 66.7% (n = 10). The mean age of the patients with PAD was 58.27 ± 13.11 years.