\n\nMethods; Patients under lipid lowering therapy and managed by general practitioners were included. LDL-cholesterol therapeutic objective was defined according to the number of cardiovascular risk factors associated with

dyslipidemia (AFSSAPS-2005 guidelines).\n\nResults: Most of the 2727 patients (mean age: 64.7 +/- 11.0) received a statin (70.0%) or a fibrate (24.3%) in monotherapy. 58.5% of patients at high cardiovascular risk did not reach therapeutic objective. Compared to simvastatin. patients receiving fibrates were less likely to be Cl-amidine supplier at therapeutic objective (OR = 0.38. 95% CI = 10.26-0.54]). So were patients receiving fluvastatin (OR = 0.41, IC95% = [0.26-0.64]) or pravastatin (OR = 0.49, IC95% = 10.35-0.70]) at the dosage used by GPs. No significant difference appeared with atorvastatin (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 10.71-1.39]) or rosuvastatin (OR = 1.25, CI95% = [0.77-2.02]). Patients with LDL-cholesterol levels < 0.7 g/L tended

to be prescribed high closes selleck of lipid lowering therapy.\n\nConclusions: In real conditions of lipid lowering therapy use, LDL-cholesterol therapeutic objective attainment was inadequate in high-risk patients, and TO differences were observed between drugs at prescribed doses. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The presence or absence of gender differences in working memory, localized in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), has been debated in a few fMRI studies. However, the hypothesis of gender differences in PFC function has not been elaborated, and comparisons among hemodynamic parameters designed to test for gender differences are scarce. We utilized near-infrared spectroscopy during verbal N-back tasks on 26 male and 24 female healthy volunteers. Changes in the concentrations

of oxy- (Delta[oxy-Hb]), deoxy(Delta[deoxy-Hb]) and total hemoglobin (Delta[tot-Hb]) were recorded simultaneously. Delta[oxy-Hb] and Delta[tot-Hb] exhibited obvious gender differences, but Delta[deoxy-Hb] did not. Males showed bilateral activation with slight left-side dominance, whereas females showed left activation. The activation in males was more wide-spread and stronger than in females. Furthermore, females Crenigacestat required a lower hemodynamic supply than males to obtain comparable performance, and only females exhibited positive correlations between hemodynamic parameters and behavioral performance. The results reinforce the existence of a gender effect in hemodynamic-based functional imaging studies. Our findings suggest that females possess more efficient hemodynamics in the PFC during working memory and emphasize the importance of studying the PFC to further a scientific understanding of gender differences. Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Background\n\nRoad traffic crashes are a major cause of death and injury, especially in low and middle-income countries.