14(56): 10 (1985) [1984] ≡ Hygrocybe pratensis (Fr.) Murrill, Mycologia 6(1): 2 (1914), ≡ Agaricus pratensis Fr., Observ. mycol. (Havniae) 2: 116 (1818), sanctioned by Fr., this website Syst. mycol. 1: 99 (1821).
Characters as in Cuphophyllus; basidiomes clitocyboid, pileus usually pigmented brown, orange, salmon, or buff, rarely cream; surface not or scarcely viscid; lamellae usually appearing opaque (chalky); pileipellis usually a cutis, not an ixocutis; basidiospores usually globose, subglobose or broadly ellipsoid, mean spore Q mostly 1.2–1.4, rarely up to 1.8. Phylogenetic support In our Supermatrix analysis (Fig. 2), sect. Cuphophyllus is a strongly supported (99 % MLBS) monophyletic group. Sect. Cuphophyllus is also highly supported in our LSU analysis (Fig. 3), but only species in the C. pratensis complex are included.
The ITS analysis by Dentinger et al. (unpublished) shows a strongly supported C. pratensis clade (100 % MLBS) comprising a terminal clade (100 % MLBS) and a subtending grade with very deep divergences, while C. pratensis var. pallida appears as a separate clade nearby (100 % MLBS). Species included Type species: Cuphophyllus pratensis. Molecular phylogenies indicate C. pratensis is a species complex. Cuphophyllus bicolor is included based on strong support in our Supermatrix analysis, morphology and pigments. Species included based on morphology alone are Camarophyllus panamensis Lodge & Ovrebo, Cuphophyllus neopratensis Courtec.
& Fiard, Camarophyllus subpratensis (Beeli) Heinem., Camarophyllus Fludarabine nmr subrufescens (Peck) Murrill, Selleck SN-38 Cuphophyllus umbrinus (Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor Dennis) Courtec., Hygrocybe austropratensis A.M. Young, and Hygrocybe watagensis A.M. Young. Cuphophyllus pratensis var. pallidus (Cooke) Bon. is strongly supported in an ITS analysis by Dentinger et al. (unpublished data). Comments Sect. Cuphophyllus is strongly supported, but greater taxon sampling is needed as sequences are limited to the C. pratensis species complex. Support for inclusion of C. bicolor in sect. Cuphophyllus is strong in our Supermatrix analysis (99 % MLBS) and weak in our ITS-LSU analysis (55 % MLBS). Cuphophyllus bicolor, Cam. panamensis and Cuph. umbrinus differ from other species in sect. Cuphophyllus in having a central strand of nearly parallel hyphae bounded by lateral strata with interwoven hyphae in the lamellar context. Cuphophyllus sect. Virginei (Bataille) Kovalenko, in Nezdoiminogo, Opredelitel’ Gribov SSSR (Leningrad): 37 (1989) Type species: Cuphophyllus virgineus (Wulfen : Fr.) Kovalenko (1989) ≡ Hygrocybe virginea P.D. Orton & Watling, Notes R. bot. Gdn Edinb. 29(1): 132 (1969), ≡ Agaricus virgineus Wulfen, in Jacquin, Miscell. austriac. 2: 104 (1781), sanctioned by Fr., Syst. mycol. 1: 100 (1821).